Chromosome G-banding Analysis of Stump-tailed Macaque (Macaca arctoides) and Relationship to Human (Homo sapiens)

Abstract

This research was the first report an comparative chromosome G-banding analysis ofstump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides) and its relationship to that of human (Homo sapiens).Blood samples were taken from two males and two females kept in Songkla Zoo, Songkla provinceand Nakhonratchasima Zoo, Nakhonratchasima province. After the standard whole blood lymphocyteculture at 37 °C for 72 hr. in presence of colchicine, the metaphase spreads were performed onmicroscopic slides and air-dried. G-banding technique was applied to stain the chromosomes. Theresults showed that the diploid stump-tailed macaque cells contain 42 chromosome. The type ofautosomes are 18 metacentric and 22 submetacentric chromosomes. In addition, a pair of short armchromosome 13 showed clearly observable satellite chromosome. X-chromosome was the mediumsubmetacentric and Y chromosome was the smallest submetacentric chromosome. We found thatchromosome 5, 12, 13 and X have the same G-banding patterns as those of human chromosomes.The short arm of chromosome 13 is similar to the chromosome 22 of human as indicated by G-bands.In addition, the long arm of chromosome 13 is similar to the chromosome 15 of human. These resultsindicated that the chromosome 13 of the stump-tailed macaque was split into 2 chromosomes.Chromosome 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17 and 20 are similar to those of human chromosomes. Thestudy suggested that the human chromosome 1 is a pericentric inversion of stump-tailed macaquechromosome 1. The macaque chromosomes 2, 4, 15, 16, 18 and Y are different from those of humanchromosomes. These results show the relationship between the stump-tailed macaque and human.

Keywords : Chromosome / karyotype / G-banding / Stump-tailed Macaque (Macaca arctoides) /Human (Homo sapiens)