Glycosylation index in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy

Abstract

Background and objective : Glycosylation index is composed of glycosylation gap (GG), hemoglobin glycation index (HGI), fructosamine glycation index (FGI).  The indeces are index calculated based on blood glucose (BG), fructosamine (F), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1C).  The purpose of this study was to compare these indices in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with various  stages of nephropathy.

Methods: HbA_1C, BG and F were obtained from 104 T2DM patients (37 males, 67 females) at a single clinical visit at Buddhachinnaratana Hospital, Pitsanulok.  The stages of nephropathy was divided into 3 groups according to albuminuria level; no nephropathy (n = 57), microalbuminuria (n = 29), and advanced nephropathy (n = 18).

Results : Mean±SD HbA_1C = 7.9±1.7%, F = 279±69 mmol/L, BG = 7.0±1.9 mmol/L, GG = 0.0±2.37, HGI = -0.23±1.47, and FGI = -0.21±63 were found in all subjects.  Mean GG (0.55±0.8), HGI (0.70±1.5), and HbA_1C (9.0±1.8%) in patients with advanced nephropathy was significantly different from those with no nephropathy and microalbuminuria (P < 0.05),

Conclusions : Increasing levels of HbA_1C indicate with worsening nephropathy in T2DM.

Key words: Glycosylation index; type 2 diabetes mellitus; Microalbuminuria; Nephropathy