POLYMERIC MICELLES FOR TUMOR TARGETING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/tbps.2019.2Keywords:
polymeric micelles, passive tumor targeting, active tumor targetingAbstract
Current chemotherapy for cancer encounters several problems such as non-selectivity of cancer cells, toxicity to healthy cells and multidrug resistance (MDR). Polymeric micelles (PMs) are selected as anticancer drug nanocarriers due to predominant characteristics such as being able to enhance the aqueous solubility of hydrophobic anticancer drugs, reduce the particle size of nanoscales, reduce the toxic side effects of chemotherapy, reduce the recognition of PMs by reticuloendothelial systems (RES), their stability in plasma, prolonged blood circulation, and eventually, accumulation in the required tumor sites. Furthermore, PMs can reach tumor sites using two mechanisms - both passive and active. For passive tumor targeting, PMs are delivered to solid tumor through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect while active tumor targeting aims to increase anticancer drug delivery to the targeted sites utilizing biologically specific interaction by coupling specific ligands on the micelle surfaces. Various ligands have been conjugated with PMs such as antibodies, folic acids, transferrins, etc. Moreover, the application of stimuli such as pH and temperature facilitate delivery of PMs to tumor sites. This review article summarizes available information related to definition of PMs, polymer used, formation of PMs, drug release from PMs and anticancer drug-loaded PMs for tumor targeting via passive and active mechanisms
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